Deep Eutectic Solvent Formulations and Alginate-Based Hydrogels as a New Partnership for the Transdermal Administration of Anti-Inflammatory Drugs

Deep Eutectic Solvent Formulations and Alginate-Based Hydrogels as a New Partnership for the Transdermal Administration of Anti-Inflammatory Drugs

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The transdermal administration of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) is a valuable and safer alternative to their oral intake.However, most of these drugs display low water solubility, which makes their incorporation into hydrophilic biopolymeric drug-delivery systems difficult.To overcome this drawback, aqueous solutions of bio-based deep eutectic solvents (DES) were investigated to enhance the solubility of ibuprofen, a widely used NSAID, leading to an increase in its solubility of up to 7917-fold when compared to its water solubility.These DES solutions were shown to be Fresh Fruit non-toxic to macrophages with cell viabilities of 97.

4% (at ibuprofen concentrations of 0.25 mM), while preserving the anti-inflammatory action of the drug.Their incorporation into alginate-based hydrogels resulted in materials with a regular structure and higher flexibility.These hydrogels present a sustained release of the drug, which is able, when containing the DES aqueous solution comprising ibuprofen, to deliver 93.

5% of the drug after 8 h in PBS.Furthermore, these hydrogels were able to improve the drug permeation across human skin by 8.5-fold in comparison with the hydrogel counterpart containing only ibuprofen.This work highlights the possibility to remarkably improve the transdermal administration of NSAIDs Ball - Catcher - Kits by combining new drug formulations based on DES and biopolymeric drug delivery systems.